Vatic Note: This subject is well over my head. So the only comment I have would be about whether or not we should respond accordingly. Yup! bring down the drones and that is definitely one area that we match the evil ones perfectly. So bring it on, slimebags. This below gives our people everything they need to do so. Good luck, God bless, and bring home the bacon.
How To Kill A Drone: Since Drones Can Kill Americans, Americans Can Kill Drones, Here’s How
http://12160.info/profiles/blogs/how-to-kill-a-drone-since-drones-can-kill-americans-americans-can
Happy experimenting, and killing of UAVs
Since Barack Obama
recently took it upon himself to label himself ‘dictator’ with free
will to kill Americans with drones, isn’t it time that Americans learn
how to fight back and kill drones? Where there is a will, there is a
way! This excellent article informs Americans who are completely
disgusted with the ‘Police State’ our once free nation has become on how
to kill UAV’s.
If UAV’s are going to be
used to kill Americans, Americans need to learn how to fight back. Our
GOD given right to defend our own lives is a much higher power than
either Barack Obama or the 2nd Amendment of the US Constitution or the
US Pentagon and their killing machines. These monsters DESERVE to be
grounded. Here’s how to do it!
The UAVs have two alternative systems for communication.
Line of sight radio :
In the military C-Band 500 – 1000 MHz that can be jammed with simple spark-gap radio
Satellite communication :
In the Ku-Band between 10.95 – 14.5 GHz, and the satellite can be jammed.
The Uplink-Band to the satellite is 13.75 – 14.5 GHz
The Downlink-Band from the satellite is 10.95 – 12.75 GHz
And you should jam the Uplink frequencies with a jammer directed at the satellite.
The satellite link system is from L-3 Communications.
Specifications.pdf
Surprisingly, the resistance can tap off the military’s video feeds
As you can see in
the specifications, the satellite link system uses the same civilian
commercial technology as television broadcasting companies. And the
surprise is that the resistance and others have tapped off the videos
from the battlefield with simple commercial equipment.
But now the communication is perhaps encrypted. Read more about SkyGrabber.pdf
If you jam the
communication, then the operator becomes blind and the UAV will fly
around until it crashes or the fuel is gone. But you must kill both
links of communication to kill any rescue.
There are a limited
number of satellite channels available which means that the satellite
link becomes a bottleneck. The satellite is therefore used as a backup
and jammer-rescue channel and for single special operations from far
away from the target, while C-band radio is used for multiple
simultaneous operations from near the targets.
Every military base have
their own UAVs that must be operated through the C-band radio. C-band
radio is also reported to be used for take off and landing. Which means
that the C-band radio is your primary target. The C-band radio is also
easier to jam.
First some clips from the web
Defense experts have repeatedly warned that the availability of space-based communications
could be compromised in future conflicts by the fact that 80-90% of all military
traffic is transmitted on vulnerable commercial satcom channels. However, there
is a related problem that far fewer military observers have noticed: only about 1% of
defense communications today are protected against even the most modest jamming threats.
http://www.abc.net.au/science/news/space/SpaceRepublish_120537.htm
According to the US Air Force, information from the internet is being used to sabotage
satellite signals critical to military operations.
This week's New Scientist reports that instructions on how to build satellite jammers,
using cheap equipment from home improvement stores and electronics fairs, are to be
found on the internet.
The US Air Force team, dubbed the Space Aggressor Squadron, was set up to
look for weak spots in satellite communications and navigation systems by playing the part
of a potential enemy.
"We ran a search on the Net and found there's quite a lot of
information out there on how to build and operate satellites but also, unfortunately, on
how to jam them," says Tim Marceau, head of the squadron. "Just type in
'satellite communications jamming' and you'll be surprised how many hits you
get."
Two rookie engineers from the US Air Force Research Laboratory were
ordered to build a jamming system using only a Net connection and whatever they could buy
for cash.
For $7500, the engineers lashed together a mobile ultrahigh-frequency
(UHF) high-power noise source that they could use to jam satellite antennas or military
UHF receivers. "It's just like turning your radio up louder than someone
else's," Marceau says.
The engineers built their home-made jammer using a petrol-driven
electricity generator, wood, plastic piping and copper tubing. The amplification and
noise-generation electronics were obtained at an electronics enthusiasts "swap
meet".
"For very little money and very little sophistication, we found you
could muck up communications," says Marceau. Different components could be used to
jam other frequencies, such as that of the Global Positioning System.
Due to the low received signal strength of satellite transmissions they are prone to
jamming by land-based transmitters. Such jamming is limited to the geographical area
within the transmitter's range. GPS satellites are potential targets for jamming, but
satellite phone and television signals have also been subjected to jamming.
It is trivial
to transmit a carrier to a geostationary satellite and thus interfere with any other users
of the transponder. It is common on commercial satellite space for earth stations to
transmit at the wrong time or on the wrong frequency and dual illuminate the transponder
rendering the frequency unusable. Satellite operators now have sophisticated monitoring
that enables them to pin point the source of any carrier and manage the transponder space
effectively.
(VN: be careful, WND is a fully supported Israeli disinfo site. They even have a permanent reporter stationed in Israel with the Israeli govs blessings. They also ban you if you speak truth about Israel. I know, I got banned for doing so.)
The U.S. Army is moving forward with a plan to order thousands of radio-frequency-jammer
devices to foil improvised explosive devices, even though terrorists' latest attacks in
the Afghanistan war have used mechanical, rather than radio, detonators, according to a
report from Joseph Farah's G2 Bulletin. (VN: Joseph is the disinfo guy who banned me, so watch out for whatever he is feeding us.)
The jammers likely will cause problems with remotely operated
aerial drones, . . .
According to experts, U.S. troops experienced jamming in Iraq in
2006 when the Warlock RF jamming system had a detrimental effect on their communications
systems and UAVs.
Warlock radio frequency jammers in use in Iraq interfere with Army radio
communications and block controls needed to operate unmanned aerial vehicles,
according to a study of the service's initial effort to transform divisions into “modular”
brigades.
Spark gap transmitter
The radio pioneers in the old days had no semiconductors or vacuum tubes.
And that's the type of transmitter you are looking for if you want to build a jammer at
home in your garage.
Every resonant device, a bell or an electronic circuit works in the same manner.
Hit the bell with hammer and it will ring for a while. If you repeat the hammering
periodically then the bell will ring continuously.
For an electric circuit we should use an electric spark instead of a hammer to do the job.
The coil L and the capacitor C2 is the resonant circuit.
The energy from a high voltage source is stored in the capacitor C1, and is released on
every spark. And that makes the resonant circuit ring.
This circuit will then wait for the capacitor C1 to charge up again through the resistor
R, and then release another spark. And the spark frequency is about 1 / R*C1
For UHF frequencies the antenna itself is the resonant circuit, tuned to a
frequency.
The spark gap transmitter has an output power of wide bandwidth, but
centered around the resonant frequency. And in case you want to spread out the power more
uniformly then try a motorized or electro-mechanical modulation at C2 or the antenna
itself. Or multiple transmitters tuned to different frequencies.
A radio jammer can also be used to deny the enemy to call in air
support when you attack. Send out a team to jam the airbase radio before you attack any of
those spread out tiny outposts or patrols.
This is probably what you are looking for
It's not necessary to transmit 100 kWatts of power to jam an UAV which means that the
construction can be simplified. And you can use a simplified spark-gap.
High voltage
The high voltage can be generated from a 12 volt car battery in the same way that high
voltage is generated to the car's spark plugs. You need a coil and an oscillator circuit
that turn on and off a transistor switch. Connect a high voltage diode from the coil to a
high voltage reservoir capacitor.
You can also use a motorized electro-mechanical switch.
The only trouble is that you must keep in mind that the capacitors and the coil can be
destroyed from overvoltage. Which means that you must somehow turn off the switch if the
voltage becomes too high.
But very often the circuit (spark gap) will control the voltage balance itself if it is
correctly dimensioned.
Groundplane reflection
As you perhaps know, you can reach and jam receivers at longer distance away if you put
your C-Band transmitter antenna as high up as possible. (don't care with paraboles)
This is caused by the fact that the radiowaves travel two separate ways from your
transmitter.
A direct way through air. And a damped and phase inverted reflected way, bouncing from the ground.
Which cancels out most of the power from your transmitter.
This damping of your transmitters power can be avoided if you put the transmitter antenna
high up.
And also try get as good electric ground connection as possible for your transmitter.
If you connect the antennas through a shielded coaxial cable from a bunker
at a safe distance then it becomes almost impossible to destroy the jammer with homing
missiles, and too easy to repair a piece of cheap bent metal antenna.
Spark gap jammer at 14 Giga Hertz frequency ?
This is more complicated but possible and under evaluation by the
scientists for use as UWB radar.
And you must improve the spark's rise time in order to make it generate more power at
higher frequencies.
Definition of rise time
There is a simple thumb rule for the relationship between
rise
time and
bandwidth for spark-gaps and single stage RC filters
and oscilloscopes.
http://en.wikipedia/wiki/Rise_time
Bandwidth * Rise Time = 0.35
50 pS rise time will give a bandwidth of 7GHz
25 pS rise time will give a bandwidth of 14 GHz
But you must keep in mind that the upper Bandwidth limit is defined as the
frequency at which the power is damped -3dB. But still there is power emitted at
higher frequencies, but damped.
As you can read in the links below power is generated and measured at 5 GHz for a switch
with 200 pS rise time. But the thumb rule above says that the Bandwidth is only 1.75 GHz.
These spark gaps can generate GigaWatt pulses which means that you can
tolerate the bad efficiency at 14 GHz in your home built jammer.
But since you are building a jammer, not an UWB radar, do you have to change the
construction to emit 10-100 times more pulses of (1/1000) less power, with a mean value
power consumption of perhaps 100W-10kW.
No guarantee for that the satellite jammer will work in the Ku-Band, but it's simple and
worth some testing.
Fast Rise Time Switch
Two different techniques can be used in your homebuilt jammer.
Electro-mechanical, for example a mercury filled reed relay that can switch with a rise
time below 70 pS as you can read in the links below. Or perhaps try a motorized switch ?
High pressure cascaded hydrogen spark gaps that can switch with a rise time below 50 pS.
A spark gap has a static arcing voltage that is lower than the dynamic
arcing voltage.
Which means that if you feed a spark gap with a very fast rising voltage then it will take
some time before the spark gap reacts. And you can make it arc at voltages that are about
25 times higher than the static arcing voltage. This overvoltage have the effect that the
rise time becomes shorter.
And you can improve the rise time by cascading multiple
spark-gaps.
But keep in mind to optically shield the spark-gaps from each other because the UV light
from a spark can turn on the other spark gaps.
If the spark gap is in an extremely high pressure hydrogen atmosphere then
it becomes faster.
Up to 125 atmospheres over pressure have been tested by the scientists as you can read,
and it looks like the rise time is near an inverse cubic root function of the pressure.
t = K / CubicRoot(pressure)
And the electrodes should have no sharp edges.
This has perhaps never been tested ?
Aluminum can emit electrons if illuminated with UV light
And how that affects the rise time is worth some experimenting, if it's possible to create
an improved chain reaction with two aluminum mirror electrodes.
But the life time of the switch is also affected if you use aluminum instead of a heavy
metal like copper or tungsten/wolfram. And perhaps aluminum is too soft and will kill the
switch with aluminum dust between the electrodes. It may work or not.
Coaxial cable type of spark-gap
At GigaHertz frequency it becomes hard to keep the radiation under control because every
tiny part of the circuit is like an antenna and the radiowaves behaves like light bouncing
on everything. You also want to keep the "cable" impedance constant in order to
minimize power lost through reflections.
A simple solution is to design the spark-gaps to look like a coaxial cable. Maybe some
holes to help the hydrogen gas circulate and be exchanged from an external container. And
try build the spark-gaps and the microwave feed-horn together in the same unit.
It's hard to analyze, but I think that the cable capacitanses and the delay lines help
fire the spark-gaps in the right order, from the left to the right. The capacitanse in the
spark-gap itself is small compared to the cable capacitanse.
Try to speculate about how a
shorter or longer cable between each spark-gap will change the firing of the spark-gaps.
And if any resistors are necessary for discharging of insulated capacitanses ?
The impedance of a coaxial cable is a function of relative dimensions and the dielectricum
(insulator) used. Very easy to calculate. It's almost only mechanical work to build the
jammer.
The right side pin is the antenna pin in the feed-horn. But the question is how to connect
it in order to discharge all the reservoir capacitanses. It can't be hanging in the air.
It must be connected to ground somewhere inside the feed horn.
And you must also try analyze how the length of each coaxial section affects the output
through reflections and standing waves. Especially the last section.
Evaluation of your homebuilt jammer
Use your Ku-Band satellite TV system to test your jammer.
Aim the jammer against the satellite.
If the TV picture becomes jammed then your jammer works perfectly and is ready to kill the
UAV communication.
Also try turn the jammer 90 degrees because the satellite channel can have different
vertical or horizontal polarization.
You can also use your satellite TV receiver to low power test your
mechanical switch jammers if you put them on a stick and in front of your satellite dish
which is aimed at your TV satellite. If you can see any disturbance on your TV screen then
it's OK to go to next step, highpower aimed at the satellite.
Feed horn
The construction above is from a homebuilt "CanTenna" for 2.4GHz, that can be
used as a feed horn to a parabolic antenna.
And you can use the same construction for your jammer at 14 GHz if you change the size.
Note the tiny antenna pin mounted on top of the coaxial cable connector.
Take the parabole from a satellite TV system.
Horn antennas have been used for long time to send and receive microwaves.
It's a simple construction, but the parabole is more effective if you want higher gain.
And want to focus the output power in a narrower beam.
Some more clips
...Ultrafast gas breakdown under the extreme overvoltages which occur when
a high pressure switch is pulse charged to hundreds of KV in 1 ns or less. The
highly overvolted peaking gaps produce powerful electromagnetic pulses with risetimes <
100 pS which can be used for ultrawideband radar systems. . . We have produced and
accurately measured pulses with 50 to 100 pS risetimes to peak levels of 75 to 160 kV at
pulse repetition frequencies (PRF) to 1 kHz.
Typically the highest pressure with the shortest gap spacing produces the fastest
output rise time and minimum switch loss.
Hydrogen gas is used in e.g radar thyratrons where a current pulse with very steep flanks
is desired, since in hydrogen the build-up and the recovery time are much shorter than in
other gases.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas-filled_tube
Hydrogen is used in tubes used for very fast switching, e.g. some thyratrons, dekatrons,
and krytrons, where very steep edges are required. The build-up and recovery times of
hydrogen are much shorter than in other gases.
Collected documents from the web :
10353.pdf
Compact high-voltage picosecond generator used as pulsar transient radar source
ssn480.pdf
A highly directive, very intensive, impulse like radiator. UWB Ultra Wide Band
539554.pdf
Picosecond high pressure gas switch experiment.
Ljp49105.pdf
Radiation of ultra-wideband electromagnetic pulses by pulsed excitation of rectangular
antenna.
Links :
Jam the satellite with commercial equipment
Any television station with an uplink can jam a satellite. All it takes is
two uplinks trying to broadcast at the same time.
As you can see in the specifications the military use the same technique
as the commercial TV channels. And the UAVs output power is only 50 Watts.
All you have to do is to jam the satellite with your own transmitter.
Even if simple in construction, these are usually nothing that you will build in your
garage at home because it is a vacuum tube.
The major manufacturers of TWTS are EMI-Varian, Ferranti, EEV, Hughes, STC, Litton,
Raytheon, Siemens, Watkins-Johnson and Thomson-CSF and also some russian and japanese
companies.
The TWTs are usually sold and assembled together in a box with all
necessary high voltage and control electronics. See picture below.
But you can buy the TWT tube itself as a spare part because it has a limited life time,
like a lamp.
The TWT is an amplifier (not an oscillator) and doesn't generate any
output frequencies if it has no input signal. And you need more equipment.
You need this equipment :
1 Jammer video signal from perhaps a simple PC video card.
2 UHF modulator to convert it to a carrier TV frequency that the UP-converter can accept.
3 UP-converter to an adjustable Ku band frequency, or to a block of frequencies.
4 TWT equipment for power amplification
5 Parabolic antenna
The UP-converter 3 can be of two types, with a single input UHF (TV)
channel or a block of UHF input channels, (a block converter.) And if you use a block
converter then perhaps can you try connect a home built UHF jammer instead of the video 1
and modulator 2 to the UP converter. That will also kill every channel on the satellite
instead of a single channel.
If you can't build or buy this equipment then try steal it from a TV
broadcasting company.
(In war time noone cares about the law. Steal, kill destroy.)
Rack mounted traveling wave tube equipment.
Block converter
Happy experimenting, and killing of UAVs
Read much more on how to destroy Americans latest and greatest enemy here.
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